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目的分析北京市2008—2012年恙虫病的流行病学特征,并开展社区居民血清流行病学调查,利用血清流行病学调查结果估计北京市主要疫区——平谷区社区居民恙虫病感染水平及实际感染病例数。方法采用SPSS 16.0软件分析恙虫病病例流行病学特征,利用ArcGIS 9.3软件展示病例的时空分布特征。在平谷区随机抽取常住人口170人,利用间接免疫荧光试验测定人群恙虫病抗体水平,根据结果推算平谷区实际感染人数。结果截至2012年,北京市累计报告198例恙虫病临床诊断病例,患者职业主要为农民(73.1%),平均年龄(52±12)岁,男女性别比1.04∶1(101∶97),98.99%的病例现住址均为平谷区,此外昌平区和延庆区县各出现1例城区病例。近几年平谷区疫区范围迅速扩大,仅周边个别乡镇无病例报告。估计平谷区常住人口恙虫病抗体阳性率为14.12%,据此估计平谷区约有41 142人曾感染恙虫病。结论北京市恙虫病疫情呈上升态势,人群感染水平较高,应通过多种形式在当地农村开展健康教育。此外,有必要开展社区干预研究,并根据成本效益分析结果,选择适合的干预方法。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of tsutsugamushi disease in Beijing from 2008 to 2012 and to carry out serological epidemiological survey of residents in Beijing and to estimate the level of tsutsugamushi infection in community residents in Pinggu by using the results of serological epidemiological survey. The actual number of cases. Methods SPSS 16.0 software was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of tsutsugamushi disease cases and the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the cases were displayed by using ArcGIS 9.3 software. In Pinggu District, 170 permanent residents were randomly selected, and the level of antibodies to scrub typhus was determined by indirect immunofluorescence assay. The actual number of infectives in Pinggu District was estimated according to the results. Results As of 2012, a total of 198 cases of tsutsugamushi disease were reported in Beijing. The patients were mainly farmers (73.1%) with a mean age of (52 ± 12) years, with a sex ratio of 1.04:1 (101:97), 98.99% Of the cases are Pinggao District home address, in addition to Changping District and Yanqing District, each case of a case of urban areas. In recent years, Pinggu District, the rapid expansion of the epidemic area, only the surrounding individual towns without case reports. It is estimated that the positive rate of resident tsutsugamushi antibody in Pinggu is 14.12%. It is estimated that 41 142 people in Pinggu have been infected with tsutsugamushi disease. Conclusions The epidemic situation of scrub typhus in Beijing shows an upward trend and the level of infection in the population is relatively high. Health education should be carried out in various localities in various forms. In addition, community intervention studies are necessary and the appropriate interventions are selected based on the results of the cost-benefit analysis.