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根据共深度点反射资料确定地层中总的速度分布规律,其关键就是要确定在叠加过程中产生最大相干的那些速度。这种叠加速度所着重强调的只是一种数量上的关系,它们并没有什么重要的物理意义。层速度及平均速度所描述的则是一些很有意义的物理参数,通过均方根速度,可以把它们和最大相关叠加速度联系起来。本文对上述这些速度间的关系进行了讨论。此外,还对影响速度横向分辨能力的各种因素进行了讨论. 从共深度点导出的速度资料包含着各种各样的误差:其中一些是由于数据采集、资料处理及波在地下传播时所造成的,还有一些则是由复杂的地质条件及主观因素所造成的。文章对这些误差及其估计方法进行了讨论,并且,还给出了适当的解决办法。文章着重讨论了由共深度点导出的速度资料的主要应用。
The key to determining the law of the total velocity distribution in a formation based on the total depth reflection data is to determine those velocities that produce the greatest coherence during the superposition. This superposition speed emphasizes only a quantitative relationship, they do not have any important physical meaning. Velocities and velocities are described as meaningful physical parameters that can be related to the maximum relative stacking speed by root mean square velocity. This article discusses the relationship between these speeds. In addition, various factors that affect the horizontal resolution of the velocity are also discussed, and the velocity data derived from the co-depth point contain a variety of errors: some of them due to data acquisition, data processing, and wave propagation in the ground Caused by, and some are caused by complex geological conditions and subjective factors. The article discusses these errors and their estimation methods, and also gives the appropriate solutions. The paper focuses on the main applications of velocity data derived from the common depth points.