Objective:To investigate the effects of immediate post-partum infection with Trypanosoma brucei(T.brucei) on dam and offspring.Methods:Sixty female Albino rats(Rattus norvegicus) weighing between 130-170 g were used as animal model.The animals were divided as follows: 25 infected between 1-5 days post partum;10 infected unbred as positive controls;and 25 uninfected as negative controls.The following parameters were evaluated:packed cell volume (PCV),level of parasitaemia,survival time,litter size and litter weight at birth and on days 7, 14 and 21 post delivery,using conventional methods.Possible trans-mammary transmission of infection to litter through milk was also assessed.Results:The results showed a comparatively (P<0.05) higher mean PCV value for the uninfected negative control on the 8 day post infection compared with the infected groups which corresponded with the increasing level of parasitaemia in the two infected groups.Mean litter size and litter weights were higher(P<0.05) in the uninfected controls on the 21~(st) day.Survival time in the infected groups were similar.No evidence of trans-mammary transfer of infection was recorded.Conclusion:T.brucei infection during immediate post partum period is detrimental to the dam and impairs growth of the offspring. Objective: To investigate the effects of immediate post-partum infection with Trypanosoma brucei (T. brucei) on dam and offspring. Methods: Sixty female Albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) weighing between 130-170 g were used as animal model. The animals were 25 uninfected as negative controls. and 25 uninfected as negative controls were: packed cell volume (PCV), level of parasitaemia, survival time, litter size and litter weight at birth and on days 7, 14 and 21 post delivery, using conventional methods. Possible trans-mammary transmission of infection to litter through milk was also assessed. Results: The results showed a comparatively (P <0.05) higher mean PCV value for the uninfected negative control on the 8 infected post-infected with the infected group which corresponded with the increasing level of parasitaemia in the two infected groups. Man litter size and litter weights were higher (P <0.05) in the uninfected controls on the 21 st (st) day. Survival time in the infected groups were similar. No evidence of trans-mammary transfer of infection was recorded. Confluence: T. brucei infection during immediate post partum period is detrimental to the dam and impairs growth of the offspring