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以黑龙江省12个常用玉米品种及其亲本为试验材料,研究其光反应特性,通过对材料的每日阶段遮光处理的结果分析,缩短光照直接影响玉米品种的生育阶段。其中出苗至抽雄期遮光处理与正常光照的叶龄值差异显著,可作为衡量光反应特性的指标性状。缩短光照后使大部分玉米杂交种及自交系的花期提前,其中四早六、龙单21、绥玉7号、1134、龙系85、H172、4F1对光敏感;海玉4号、四单16、本育9号、合3444、347、064、46光反应迟钝。遮光处理对品种形态性状株高、穗位高、叶片数及雄穗分枝数都有不同程度的影响。其影响大小程度依次为:穗位高>株高>雄穗分支>叶片数。
Twelve commonly used maize varieties and their parents in Heilongjiang Province were used as experimental materials to study the photoreaction characteristics. Through the analysis of the results of shading treatment at the daily stage of the materials, the shortening of illumination directly affected the growth stages of maize varieties. Among them, the difference of leaf age between the emergence and the tasseling stage was significant, which could be used as the index trait to measure the photoreaction characteristics. After shortening the light, the flowering of most of the maize hybrids and inbred lines was advanced, among which four early in the morning, Longdan 21, Suiyu 7, 1134, Longyuan 85, H172 and 4F1 were sensitive to light; Haiyu 4, Single 16, Benyu 9, combined 3444,347,064,46 light reaction slow. Shading treatment on the morphological traits of plant height, ear height, number of leaves and tassel branches have varying degrees of impact. The order of influence is: ear height> plant height> tassel branch> leaf number.