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目的分析高频超声技术检测老年性冠心病患者颈动脉内膜—中膜厚度及斑块的临床意义。方法高频超声检测73例老年性冠心病患者和25例正常对照组颈动脉内膜—中膜厚度及斑块数量进行分析。结果颈总动脉内膜—中膜厚度(CCA IMT)值:C、D组与A、B组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),A-B、C-D组之间差异无统计学意义。颈内动脉分叉处内膜—中膜厚度(CCA B IMT)值:B、C、D三组与A组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),B、C、D组之间差异无统计学意义。颈总动脉内膜—中膜厚度/内径比值(IMT/D),D组与A、B组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)与C组相比差异无统计学意义。收缩期颈内动脉血流速度和颈总动脉血流速度比值(IC/CC),B、C、D三组均>A组,且均>0.8。颈动脉钙化斑发生率:B、C、D明显高于A组(P<0.05),D组为著。发生部位多见于颈总动脉分叉处,其次颈总动脉及颈内动脉。结论超声检测CCA、IMT、B IMT、IMT/D、IC/CC可作为鉴别老年性冠心病患者客观指标。
Objective To analyze the clinical significance of detecting the carotid intima - media thickness and plaque in elderly patients with coronary heart disease by high frequency ultrasound. Methods The carotid intima - media thickness and plaque count in 73 elderly patients with CHD and 25 normal controls were analyzed by high frequency ultrasound. Results The carotid artery intima - media thickness (CCA IMT) values were significantly different between groups C and D compared with groups A and B (P <0.05). There was no significant difference between groups A - B and C - D. The value of CCA B IMT at the bifurcation of internal carotid artery: There was significant difference between group B, C, D and group A (P <0.01), between group B, C and D The difference was not statistically significant. Intima - media thickness / diameter ratio (IMT / D) of carotid artery, there was significant difference between group D and groups A and B (P <0.01). There was no significant difference between group C and group C. The ratios of ICA and ICA in systolic phase were all higher than those in group B, C and D, all of which were> 0.8. Carotid calcification plaque incidence: B, C, D was significantly higher than the A group (P <0.05), D group. Occur in common carotid artery bifurcation site, followed by the common carotid artery and internal carotid artery. Conclusion Ultrasound detection of CCA, IMT, B IMT, IMT / D, IC / CC can be used as an objective index in identifying elderly patients with coronary heart disease.