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目的了解肺结核患者痰涂片检验结果,为防控肺结核病传播提供依据。方法通过采集患者痰标本涂片检查方法,对宁夏平罗县登记收治的肺结核患者痰涂片进行结核分枝杆菌检测与结果分析。结果该县在2005-2014年期间,共检测登记收治的肺结核患者9 655例,均进行痰涂片检测,检出涂片阳性655例,阳性率为6.78%。其中7 308例为初诊患者,初诊检出涂片阳性630例,阳性率为8.62%。在涂阳肺结核患者中,男性452例,女性203例;结核病涂阳患者年龄在35岁以上者占60.31%。乡村患者痰检阳性率高于城镇患者,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论该县肺结核病患者痰检阳性率较高的人群主要是青壮年和老年人,乡村患者痰检阳性率更高,提示应加强特殊人群结核病防治工作。
Objective To understand the results of sputum smear test in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and provide basis for preventing and controlling the spread of pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods The sputum smear of patients with sputum smear was collected from Pingluo County in Ningxia. The detection and analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were performed. Results A total of 9 655 pulmonary tuberculosis cases registered and treated during the period from 2005 to 2014 in the county were tested by sputum smear. The positive results were 655 smear positive cases, with a positive rate of 6.78%. Among them, 7 308 cases were newly diagnosed, of which 630 cases were newly diagnosed smear positive with a positive rate of 8.62%. Among the smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients, 452 were males and 203 were females; tuberculosis smear-positive patients accounted for 60.31% of patients over 35 years of age. The positive rate of sputum examination in rural patients was higher than that in urban patients, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion The population with the highest positive rate of sputum examination in this county is mainly young adults and elderly people. The positive rate of sputum examination in rural patients is higher, suggesting that TB prevention and treatment should be strengthened in special population.