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飞行器在大气层内高超声速飞行时,高温窗口迅速成为气动热辐射效应的主要因素,气动热辐射效应会降低甚至破坏红外(IR)探测系统的性能.通过分析红外探测窗口热辐射传输特性,提出一种红外窗口材料的热辐射特性测量方法,并测量了应用于中波红外(MWIR)探测系统的某蓝宝石红外窗口材料在高温状态下的透过率和自身辐射等热辐射数据.结果表明:在100~350℃范围内,0.1 mm厚蓝宝石材料薄层在中波红外3.7~4.8μm波段的热辐射特性与温度近似呈3次方关系,温度越高,蓝宝石透过率越小,自身辐射越大.强烈的自身辐射极易导致红外探测器局部饱和现象,对探测系统造成的影响比透过率引起的信噪比(SNR)下降要大得多.
When the aircraft is flying in the hypersonic atmosphere, the high temperature window rapidly becomes the main factor of the aerodynamic heat radiation effect, and the aerodynamic heat radiation effect will reduce or even destroy the performance of the infrared (IR) detection system. By analyzing the heat radiation transmission characteristics of the infrared detection window, And the thermal radiation characteristics of a sapphire infrared window material used in the MWIR detection system at high temperature and its own radiation were measured.The results show that in the In the range of 100 ~ 350 ℃, the thermal radiation characteristics of the thin layer of sapphire material 0.1 mm thick in the 3.7-4.8 μm band in the medium-wave infrared are approximately cubic, and the higher the temperature is, the smaller the sapphire transmittance is. Large and strong self-radiation can easily cause partial saturation of the infrared detector, which has a much greater impact on the detection system than the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) due to transmittance.