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角锥棱镜常被用作光电测距和光电跟踪的合作信标。在一些特殊应用场合中,要求被角锥棱镜反射的光束具有一定的发散角,以实现对远场不同位置处激光器和探测器的全覆盖。标准角锥棱镜不具备对光束发散的功能,但是可以利用角锥棱镜中光束出射点与入射点不同的特性,在标准角锥棱镜前加装平凹透镜来实现对反射光束的发散。采用理论分析方法和几何光学追迹模拟方法分析了利用平凹透镜和标准角锥棱镜实现反射光束发散的可行性,同时研究了反射光束发散半角与入射光束参数和平凹透镜几何参数的定量关系。理论和模拟结果都表明,当入射光束半径小于平凹透镜半径时,反射光束的发散半角随入射光束半径准线性增加;平凹透镜曲率半径越小,反射光束发散半角越大。
Pyramid prisms are often used as co-operative beacons for photoelectric ranging and electro-optical tracking. In some special applications, it is required that the beam reflected by the cube corner prism has a certain divergence angle so as to achieve full coverage of the laser and the detector at different positions in the far field. The standard pyramidal prism does not have the function of diverging the beam, but can utilize the characteristic of the beam exit point and the incident point in the pyramid prism, and install the plano-concave lens in front of the standard pyramid prism to realize the divergence of the reflected beam. The feasibility of the divergence of the reflected beam using the plano-concave lens and the standard pyramid prism is analyzed by theoretical analysis and geometrical optical trace simulation. The quantitative relationship between the divergence angle of the reflected beam and the incident beam parameters and the geometrical parameters of the plano-concave lens is studied. Both theoretical and simulation results show that the divergence half angle of the reflected beam increases linearly with the incident beam radius when the incident beam radius is smaller than the radius of the plano-concave lens. The smaller the radius of curvature of the concave curved concave lens, the larger the divergence angle of the reflected beam.