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目的 分析《中国防痨杂志》读者、作者调查问卷(简称“调查问卷”)结果,以了解读者和作者对期刊的需求,为改进期刊工作提供借鉴.方法 《中国防痨杂志》编辑部于2016年4月设计了调查问卷(分为订阅方式、阅读方式、栏目设置、投稿目的、组织学术会议及重点号关注情况等;均为选择题),分别在“第二届结核病及肺部相关疾病影像诊断与介入治疗高峰论坛”、“第四届骨关节结核临床诊断与治疗进展及其规范化专题研讨会”及“中国防痨协会2016年全国结核病防治学术大会”上进行了发放.3次会议共收回425份调查问卷,其中397份为有效问卷(有效率为93.41％);对有效问卷进行统计分析.结果 397份调查问卷中,221名(55.67％)被调查人员为本刊投过稿或者打算为本刊投稿;订阅方式主要以“单位订阅”为主,占70.03％(278/397);阅读方式以“先看目次表然后挑选感兴趣的论文”为主,占71.28％(283/397);本刊所设的栏目中,以“专家论坛”和“论著”最受欢迎,分别占51.13％(203/397)和52.90％(210/397);大部分投稿作者选择一年投一篇稿(42.32％,168/397),投稿目的以“晋升职称需要”为主(38.29％,152/397),且认同本刊在同类期刊中影响力高的比率也较高(35.52％,141/397);对于期刊社每年主办专题学术会议的看法,90.43％(359/397)的被调查者持支持的态度;88.66％(352/397)的被调查者关注本刊组织的专题学术重点号并积极参与投稿.结论 大部分参会代表为《中国防痨杂志》投过稿,多数代表积极响应《中国防痨杂志》的各项相关工作,并关注本刊的发展.“,”Objective We analyzed the Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis questionnaire from readers and authors,in order to understand their needs and provide reference for the improvement of journal work.Methods The Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis Editorial Department designed the questionnaire in April 2016,which was issued at the second joint of tuberculosis and imaging diagnosis and interventional treatment of lung diseases,the fourth session of the forum of bone and joint tuberculosis clinical diagnosis and treatment and standardized workshops,and the Chinese Antituberculosis Association 2016 National Academic Conference on the prevention of tuberculosis.A total of 425 questionnaires were collected at the 3 meeting,of which 397 were valid questionnaires (effective rate was 93.41％).Results Of the 397 questionnaires,221 (55.67％) respondents had submitted to the journal or were intend to submit.Subscription was mainly through their institutions,accounting for 70.03％ (278/397);the main way of reading was browsing the table of contents first and then choosing the interest articles,accounting for 71.28％ (283/397);About the column,“expert forum” and “original article” were the most popular ones,accoun ting for 51.13％ (203/397) and 52.90％ (210/397),respectively;most contributing authors submitted a draft once year (42.32％,168/397),the main aim of submitting was to contribute promotion (38.29％,152/397),and the ratio of respondents who identity with the influence of the Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis in similar journals was high (35.52％,141/397);for the periodical annual symposium sponsored view,90.43％ (359/397) of respondents were supported;Most respondents (88.66％,352/397) concerned about the thematic focus and were willing to submit their articles.Conclusion The Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis is quite influential in all participants.Most of them actively respond to the related work,and focus on the development of this periodical.