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考虑实际焊接中热-机械的直接耦合效应,通过热-弹塑性有限元法建立三维有限元模型来研究不同焊接顺序对薄壁6061铝合金焊件焊后残余应力分布的影响,采用单道TIG焊接实验来验证模拟结果的准确性;利用九种不同的焊接顺序来研究八边形管和底板之间焊后残余应力的分布状态。结果表明,焊缝及其附近存在的初始残余应力并不影响最终残余应力的分布;选择合理的焊接顺序可以有效降低八边形管-板接头的残余应力。
Considering the thermo-mechanical direct coupling effect of the actual welding, a three-dimensional finite element model was established by the thermo-elasto-plastic finite element method to study the effect of different welding sequences on the residual stress distribution of the thin-walled 6061 aluminum alloy after welding. Welding experiments were performed to verify the accuracy of the simulation results. Nine different welding sequences were used to study the post-weld residual stress distribution between the octagonal tubes and the base plate. The results show that the initial residual stress existing in the weld and its vicinity does not affect the distribution of the final residual stress. Selecting a reasonable welding sequence can effectively reduce the residual stress of the octagonal tube-plate joint.