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研究反应性氧代谢产物（ＲＯＭ）在大鼠庆大霉素（ＧＭ）肾毒性中的致病作用及其预防。在腹腔注射庆大霉素的同时，分别给人参总皂甙（ＧＳ）、去铁敏（ＤＦＯ）和丹参（ＳＭ），各组用药均为７天。结果显示各组尿ＮＡＧ酶和血肌酐均比正常组显著增高，且模型组更显著升高。血清和肾皮质匀浆中丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量模型组比其他各组显著升高，而各预防组与正常组之间差异不显著；各组血清及肾皮质匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性均比正常组显著降低，而模型组下降更显著；血清和肾皮质匀浆中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）活性变化与ＳＯＤ变化相类似。光镜发现模型组近曲小管上皮细胞（ＰＴＥＣ）广泛变性与坏死，远曲小管上皮细胞亦有空泡变性，各预防组ＰＴＥＣ仅有局灶至片状的变性，坏死偶见。结果提示ＧＳ、ＤＦＯ和ＳＭ可能通过清除ＲＯＭ而起到预防ＧＭ所致的急性肾衰的作用。
To study the pathogenic effect of reactive oxygen metabolites (ROM) in rat gentamicin (GM) nephrotoxicity and its prevention. Ginsenosides (GS), desferrioxamine (DFO), and Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) were administered to the rats at the same time as the intraperitoneal injection of gentamycin. Each group was administered for 7 days. The results showed that the urine NAG enzyme and serum creatinine in each group were significantly higher than the normal group, and the model group was more significantly elevated. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum and renal cortex homogenates was significantly higher in the model group than in the other groups, but there was no significant difference between the prophylactic and normal groups; superoxide dismutase in serum and renal cortex homogenate was observed in each group. The activity of (SOD) was significantly lower than that of the normal group, but it was significantly lower in the model group. The activity of GSH-Px in serum and renal cortex homogenate was similar to that of SOD. Light microscope found that the model group had extensive degeneration and necrosis of proximal tubule epithelial cells (PTEC), and the distal tubule epithelial cells also had vacuolar degeneration. The PTECs in the prophylactic group had only focal to patchy degeneration and necrosis was observed occasionally. The results suggest that GS, DFO, and SM may act to prevent GM-induced acute renal failure by clearing the ROM.