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应用微气象学水平通量法对太湖流域水稻种植季节不同施肥阶段大气氨排放特征进行监测,并对田间水NH+4-N浓度和p H、土壤NH+4-N浓度和温度、大气风速等参数进行同步观测。结果表明,水稻种植期间,尿素施用后分蘖肥和穗肥时期的氨排放损失率分别为28.47%和14.01%,各时期氨排放通量大小依次为Ⅱ期分蘖肥>Ⅰ期分蘖肥>穗肥,氨挥发持续时间均为7~11 d。田间水NH+4-N浓度是分蘖肥时期影响氨排放水平最主要的因子,决定系数R2达到了0.745 4;而风速、土壤NH+4-N浓度、土壤温度是穗肥时期影响氨排放水平的主要影响因子,决定系数R2分别为0.965 1、0.787 5、0.896 0。
The micro-meteorological horizontal flux method was used to monitor the atmospheric ammonia emission at different stages of rice planting in Taihu Lake Basin. The effects of NH + 4-N concentration and p H, soil NH + 4-N concentration and temperature, And other parameters for simultaneous observation. The results showed that during the rice planting period, the ammonia emission loss rates of tillering and panicle fertilization were 28.47% and 14.01% respectively after urea application. The ammonia fluxes in each period followed the sequence of stage Ⅱ tillering fertilizer, stage Ⅰ tillering fertilizer, panicle fertilizer , Ammonia volatilization duration are 7 ~ 11 d. The concentration of NH + 4-N in field water was the most important factor affecting the level of ammonia emission during the tillering stage, and the coefficient of determination R2 reached 0.745 4. However, the wind speed, soil NH + 4-N concentration and soil temperature affected the level of ammonia emission The main influencing factors were R2 of 0.965, 0.7785 and 0.896, respectively.