一、北海道的特点北海道的面积占日本的五分之一,人口占全国的4.8%。气候属于亚寒带,冬季最冷-30℃,夏季最热36℃,冬夏温差很大,但不受台风、梅雨的影响。在经济上,煤炭、食品,木材、造纸等占全国的比重较高。北海道资源丰富,劳动力充足,是适宜工业发展的地区。但液压机械的应用还不够普及,对低温液压机械的研究也很少。 First, the characteristics of Hokkaido Hokkaido, accounting for one fifth of Japan’s area, the population accounted for 4.8% of the country. The climate belongs to the subtropical zone, with the coldest -30 ℃ in winter and the coldest in summer with 36 ℃. The temperature difference between winter and summer is very large, but it is not affected by typhoon and rainy season. Economically, the share of coal, food, timber and paper making in the country is high. Hokkaido is rich in resources and abundant labor force and is an area suitable for industrial development. However, the application of hydraulic machinery is not yet universal enough, and research on cryogenic hydraulic machinery is also rare.