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目的了解德州市德城区狂犬病暴露人群的流行病学特征,更好地开展预防控制工作。方法对2012~2014年到德城区疾病预防控制中心狂犬病门诊就诊的暴露人群资料进行分析。结果 2012~2014年,共接诊狂犬病暴露者5 210例。其中,男性占54.20%,女性占45.80%;0~14岁的占30.48%,15~29岁占22.57%,30~44岁占21.54%,45~59岁占17.81%,60岁及以上占7.60%;受伤时间在1~3月占19.46%,4~6月占28.52%,7~9月占31.30%,10~12月占20.71%;致伤部位为手占48.85%、下肢占35.51%;致伤程度为Ⅲ级暴露者占69.73%;伤人动物为犬的占81.04%、猫占12.86%;接种过动物用狂犬病疫苗的犬占11.34%。结论德城区狂犬病暴露人群中14岁以下儿童最多,男性高于女性,致伤部位以手、下肢最多,致伤季节为夏、春两季高峰。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of rabies exposed population in Decheng, Dezhou and better carry out prevention and control. Methods The data of the exposed population from 2012 to 2014 to the rabies clinic of Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Decheng District were analyzed. Results From 2012 to 2014, 5 210 cases of rabies exposure were received. Among them, males accounted for 54.20% and females accounted for 45.80%; 0-14 years old accounted for 30.48%, 15-29 years old accounted for 22.57%, 30-44 years old accounted for 21.54%, 45-59 years old accounted for 17.81%, 60 years old and above 7.60%; injury time was 19.46% in January-March, 28.52% in April-June, 31.3% in July-September, 20.71% in October-December, 48.85% in injured area, 35.51% in lower limbs %; The degree of injury was Grade III exposure accounted for 69.73%; wounding animals accounted for 81.04% of dogs, cats accounted for 12.86%; vaccinated animal rabies vaccine dogs accounted for 11.34%. Conclusions The population of children under 14 years of age exposed to rabies in Decheng district is the highest, the number of male is higher than that of female, and the number of injured parts is highest in hands and lower limbs. The injury season is peak in summer and spring.