土壤是覆盖在陆地表面能够生长植物的一层疏松物质,由各种颗粒状矿物质、有机物、空气、水分、微生物等组成。由于植物根系和土壤之间具有极大的接触面,因而它是生态系统中物质与能量交换的重要场所同时,它本身又是生态系统中生物部分和无机环境相互作用的产物。 土壤和生物是相互依存的,没有生物特别是植物就没有土壤,毁掉了土壤也就毁灭了生物生存的基础。美国生态学会会长、土壤学家戴安娜·华尔说过“改善环境,从土壤入手”。罗斯福总统有一句名言,“毁掉了土壤的国家将毁掉其自身”。“我们脚下这鲜为人知的生命世界,对清洁水源和空气,对增加土壤肥力,提高人们生活质量等具有不可替代的作 Soil is covered with a layer of loose material that grows on the surface of the land. It consists of a variety of particulate minerals, organic matter, air, moisture, microorganisms and more. Due to the great contact between plant roots and soil, it is an important place for the exchange of matter and energy in the ecosystem. At the same time, it is the product of the interaction between the biological part and the inorganic environment in the ecosystem. Soil and living things are interdependent. Without living things, especially with plants, there is no soil, and ruining the soil ruins the foundation for living. Diana Walter, president of the American Ecology Society and a soil scientist, said “to improve the environment and start with the soil.” President Roosevelt famously said that “the country that destroyed the soil will destroy itself.” "This little-known life world at our feet has irreplaceable effects on the clean water and air, on increasing soil fertility, on improving people’s living standards, etc.