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1.引言英语的语态是指动词表示的动作的出发者是谁,是什么;动作的承受者是谁,是什么。动词有主动用法和被动用法两种。被动语态一般可分为三类,即: (1)交代动作出发者的被动语态; The violin was made by my father./That conclusion is hardly justified by theresults. (2)准被动语态; We are encouraged to go on with theproject. (3)不交代动作出发者的被动语态。 The difficulty can be avoided in severalways.(Quirk et al,1985:315) 此外,我们注意到还有一类被称之为“意念被动语态”(Notional Passive)的情况。对此语法学家们常常一笔带过,将它们归纳到
1. INTRODUCTION The voice of English refers to who is the initiator of the action represented by the verb, and what is the recipient of the action. There are two kinds of verbs, active and passive. The passive voice can generally be divided into three categories, namely: (1) Passive Voice of the person who communicatively moves; The violin was made by my father./That conclusion is hardly justified by theresults. (2) Quasi-passive voice; We Are encouraged to go on with the project. (3) Passive voices that do not account for the action’s originator. (Quirk et al, 1985:315) In addition, we noticed that there is a class of situations called “Notional Passive”. This grammarian often takes a brush and summarizes them.