序言一般而论宋代的经济和文化发展非常迅猛,而军事发展相对薄弱,颇为影响了其在政治上同周边民族的关系。因此,学者论及政事均会对此给与充分关注。纵观南宋末期的国际形势特征,十二世纪后半叶蒙古草原诸部逐渐强大,终由成吉思汗统一,并于开禧二年(1206)建立蒙古汗 Preamble In general, the economic and cultural development in the Song Dynasty was very rapid, while the military development was relatively weak, which affected its political relations with the neighboring nations. Therefore, scholars and political affairs will give full attention to this. Looking at the characteristics of the international situation in the late Southern Song Dynasty, Mongolian grasslands gradually became stronger in the second half of the twelfth century, and were eventually unified by Genghis Khan and Mongol Khan was established in the second year of the Kai Po (1206)