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稀土元素具有未充满电子的4f轨道和镧系收缩等特征,当用作催化剂的活性组分或载体时常常表现出独特的催化性能.稀土催化材料的研究和发展为La和Ce等高丰度轻稀土元素的高质、高效利用提供了有效的途径.目前稀土催化材料在石油化工、化石燃料的催化燃烧、机动车尾气净化、工业废气治理和固体氧化物燃料电池等领域发挥着重要的作用.本文综述了稀土催化材料的应用以及理论研究进展,重点讨论了稀土元素对所涉及催化剂的结构、活性和稳定性等的影响.
Rare earth elements, such as 4f orbitals with unfilled electrons and lanthanide shrinkage, often exhibit unique catalytic properties when used as an active component or support for catalysts. The research and development of rare earth catalysts has been characterized by high abundances of La and Ce Light rare earth elements of high quality and efficient use of an effective way to provide the current rare earth catalytic materials in the petrochemical industry, catalytic combustion of fossil fuels, vehicle exhaust purification, industrial waste gas treatment and solid oxide fuel cells and other fields play an important role In this paper, the application of rare earth catalysts and the progress of theoretical research are reviewed. The effects of rare earth elements on the structure, activity and stability of the catalysts involved are also discussed.