不合格品,是指企业在产品质量形成过程中,由于材料性质、工艺因素、人的素质、环境条件变化或其它原因造成的不符合设计图纸、工艺文件或质量标准规定的在制品或成品。事实上,任何企业都会产生不合格品,完全消除不合格品,使企业质量成本中的内部故障损失为零是不现实的,也可能是不经济的。问题在于如何恰如其分地管理好,以 Non-conforming product refers to the work-in-process or finished product that does not meet the requirements of design drawings, process documents or quality standards due to material properties, technological factors, human quality, environmental conditions, or other reasons during the process of product quality formation. In fact, any company will produce unqualified products and completely eliminate unqualified products. It is unrealistic or uneconomical to lose zero of internal failures in the quality cost of the enterprise. The problem is how to properly manage it.