长治市管辖13个县(区),总人口283万,其中农业人口占82％。全节7235个乡(镇),3504个行政村,有41％的行政村没有卫生所,54％的农民有病得不到及时诊治,群众因病致贫的现象十分严重。为了尽快解决广大农民群众看病难、住院难,预防保健无人管的问题,市委、市政府果断决策把加强农村卫生工作作为整个卫生工作的战略重点,把全面实施初级卫生保健作为整个农村卫生工作的中心内容,在实践中逐步探索出“双向管理”体制这条新路子。一是各级党政体系实行垂直管理。从市到县、从县到乡、从乡到村都把实施初级卫生保健列入了各级政府的主要议事日程,把13项指标层层分解,落实到基层, Changzhi City has jurisdiction over 13 counties (districts) with a total population of 2.83 million, of which the agricultural population accounts for 82%. There are 7235 townships (towns) and 3,504 administrative villages throughout the festival. 41% of the administrative villages have no health clinics, 54% of the farmers have no timely diagnosis and treatment, and the masses are poor due to illness. In order to solve the problem of unsuccessful medical care and hospitalization for peasants as soon as possible, the municipal Party committee and the municipal government made a decisive decision to regard rural health work as a strategic focus of the entire health work, and comprehensively implement primary health care as a whole rural health work. The center’s content gradually explores a new path of “two-way management” in practice. The first is the vertical management of party and government systems at all levels. From the city to the county, from the county to the township, and from the township to the village, primary health care is included in the main agenda of all levels of government, and 13 indicators are layered and implemented at the grassroots level.