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在地下煤炭资源开采过程中,采动岩体失稳破坏往往会造成严重的工程问题,因此掌握岩石破坏失稳机理及其临界信息特征已成为岩石力学领域的一个重要研究方向。以邯郸矿区亨健煤矿2507工作面采矿地质条件为基础,对中深部煤层开采条件下的氡气浓度变化与地表采动裂缝发育状况之间的相关性进行了初步探索。现场探测试验结果表明,根据氡气测量数据判断2507工作面初次来压步距为45 m左右,周期来压平均步距为15 m左右,与井下工作面矿压观测结果基本吻合,与工作面地表的变形裂缝形成一一对应关系,进一步证明了氡气探测在中深部煤层开采条件下应用的可行性。在此基础上,提出了氡气异常系数(k)的概念,确定了预测2507工作面覆岩层中基本顶发生破断的临界氡气异常系数值k≥15%。最后,从综合探测方法、氡气析出影响因素、裂隙岩体中氡气运移机理及氡气探测误差平差等方面指出了后续研究的方向。
In the process of mining underground coal resources, the instability failure of mining rock mass often causes serious engineering problems. Therefore, mastering the mechanism of rock failure instability and its critical information characteristics has become an important research direction in the field of rock mechanics. Based on the mining geological conditions of 2507 working face of Hengjian Mine in Handan Mining Area, the correlation between radon concentration changes and the development of surface mining fractures under medium and deep seam mining conditions was preliminarily explored. The results of on-the-spot exploration test show that the first step-pressure step of 2507 working face is about 45 m and the average step-by-step walking distance is about 15 m according to the radon gas measurement data. It basically agrees with the observation result of underground pressure in underground working face, The surface deformation cracks form a one-to-one correspondence, which further proves the radon gas detection in the middle and deep seam mining conditions feasibility. On this basis, the concept of radon anomaly coefficient (k) is proposed, and the critical radon anomaly coefficient value k≥15% for predicting the rupture of the basic roof in the 2507 working face is determined. Finally, the direction of follow-up research is pointed out from comprehensive exploration methods, influencing factors of radon gas evolution, radon gas migration mechanism in fractured rock mass and radon gas detection error adjustment.