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大部分肿瘤的持续增殖和扩散有赖于数量有限的肿瘤干细胞(CSC)。肿瘤肝细胞是一些数量极少的具有自我更新、不定潜能的、驱使肿瘤形成的细胞。早在150年前其概念就已被提出,近20余年科学家分别在人白血病、乳腺、脑、前列腺等肿瘤中证明CSC的存在。因正常干细胞(NSC)可长期存活,累积多种参与肿瘤发生的基因突变,发生恶变转化成为肿瘤干细胞(CSC),触发肿瘤发生、增殖、转移。与正常干细胞(NSC)一样,CSC处于静止状态,具有很强的DNA修复能力,强大的端粒酶活性,且对放化疗均不敏感,因此针对CSC的靶向治疗可能成为肿瘤治疗的重要手段。
The continued proliferation and spread of most tumors depends on a limited number of tumor stem cells (CSCs). Tumor Hepatocytes are a very small number of self-renewing and indefinite potential cells that drive tumor formation. As early as 150 years ago, the concept has been proposed. For nearly 20 years, scientists have demonstrated the existence of CSC in human leukemia, breast, brain and prostate tumors respectively. Due to the long-term survival of normal stem cells (NSC), a variety of genes involved in tumorigenesis are accumulated and transformed into cancer stem cells (CSCs) to cause tumorigenesis, proliferation and metastasis. Like normal stem cells (NSCs), CSCs are quiescent, have strong DNA repair capacity, and strong telomerase activity, and are not sensitive to chemoradiation and chemotherapy. Targeted treatment of CSCs may therefore be an important tool in the treatment of cancer .