沙眼衣原体是性传播疾病中最常见的病原之一。目前临床上治疗主要依靠以四环素族、大环内酯类及喹诺酮类为主的抗生素。但随着这些抗生素的广泛应用,关于沙眼衣原体耐药的报告日渐增多,研究发现,沙眼衣原体耐药主要是由质粒介导或基因突变导致。本文就沙眼衣原体的耐药状况及可能的机制作一概述。 Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the most common pathogens in sexually transmitted diseases. The current clinical treatment depends mainly on tetracycline, macrolides and quinolones-based antibiotics. However, with the widespread use of these antibiotics, there is an increasing number of reports of drug resistance of Chlamydia trachomatis. The study found that Chlamydia trachomatis drug resistance is mainly caused by plasmid-mediated or gene mutation. This article gives an overview of the drug resistance of Chlamydia trachomatis and possible mechanisms.