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目的了解哈尔滨市城区10~18岁青少年代谢综合征危险组分异常率及聚集情况,为保护青少年健康提供理论依据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,在哈尔滨市城区的6所学校选取1 640名10~18岁青少年进行体格检查及相关代谢生化检测。结果中小学生代谢综合征总患病率为5.4%,其中男生为6.9%,女生为3.9%。男女生中心性肥胖、高血糖、低HDL-C、高non-HDL-C的异常率差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为5.91,10.10,7.89,3.45,P值均<0.05);不同年龄组高血压、高血糖异常率差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为43.94,21.30,P值均<0.05),10~15岁组中心性肥胖异常率最高(25.6%),16~18岁组高血压异常率最高(27.0%);不同BMI分组间除血糖外,其他代谢综合征危险组分检出率差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05),且肥胖组最高,超重组、体重正常组、消瘦组依次下降。不同危险组分聚集下,男女生间在>2个聚集个数后,危险组分聚集率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);16~18岁组与10~15岁组在>3个聚集个数后,危险组分聚集率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同BMI分组下危险组分聚集率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论哈尔滨市城区10~18岁青少年代谢综合征患病率较高;在不考虑中心性肥胖为判定代谢综合征的必需条件下,5个危险组分中聚集数超过2个就可能存在代谢风险。
Objective To understand the abnormal rate and aggregation of dangerous components of metabolic syndrome in adolescents aged 10 to 18 years in Harbin and to provide a theoretical basis for the protection of adolescent health. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 1,640 adolescents aged 10-18 years in 6 schools in Harbin City for physical examination and related metabolic biochemical tests. Results The prevalence of primary and secondary school students with metabolic syndrome was 5.4%, of which 6.9% were for boys and 3.9% for girls. There were significant differences in the abnormal rates of central obesity, hyperglycemia, low HDL-C and high non-HDL-C between boys and girls (χ2 = 5.91,10.10,7.89,3.45, P <0.05) There were significant differences in the rates of hypertension and hyperglycemia between the two groups (χ2 = 43.94 and 21.30, P <0.05), and the highest rates of central obesity (25.6%) and 16-18 The abnormal rate of hypertension in the elderly group was the highest (27.0%). There was significant difference in the detection rates of other metabolic syndrome risk components among different BMI groups (P <0.05), and the obesity group was the highest Recombinant, normal weight group, weight loss group followed by decline. There were significant differences in the aggregation rate of dangerous components between male and female students after more than 2 agglomerations (P <0.05), while those between 16-18 years old and 10-15 years old were more than 3 There was a significant difference in the aggregation rate of dangerous components (P <0.05) after aggregation, while there was a significant difference in the aggregation rate of dangerous components among different BMI groups (P <0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in adolescents aged 10-18 years in Harbin is relatively high. In cases where the central obesity is not necessary to determine the metabolic syndrome, metabolic risk may exist in more than two of the five dangerous components .