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以云南省和贵州省采集到的6种常见食用蜻蜓为材料,采用凯氏定氮法、索氏提取法、蒽酮比色法、氨基酸自动分析法、原子吸收法、电感耦合等离子质谱法(ICP-MS)和高效液相色谱法(HPLC)法分别测定了6种蜻蜓稚虫的基本营养组成、氨基酸、矿质元素和脂溶性维生素的含量,评价其营养价值。结果显示,6种蜻蜓稚虫平均水分含量为81.17%,干基蛋白质、脂肪、糖和灰分的平均含量分别为65.62%,9.80%、3.01%和5.47%,氨基酸组成合理,符合WHO/FAO提出的优质蛋白条件,主要限制性氨基酸为Met+Cys和Trp,与全鸡蛋蛋白质贴近度为0.59~0.66。富含各类人体必需矿质元素,尤其是Ca和Se,脂溶性维生素中分别测定出0.252~3.859mg·kg~(-1)的α-生育酚,具有高蛋白、低脂肪、氨基酸组成合理和富含矿质元素的特点,营养价值较高,具有开发利用前景,但需注意部分种类体内检测出重金属元素超标。
Six kinds of common edible dragonfly collected from Yunnan Province and Guizhou Province were used as materials, Kjeldahl method, Soxhlet extraction, anthrone colorimetry, automatic amino acid analysis, atomic absorption spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ICP-MS and HPLC methods were used to determine the nutritional content of six kinds of dragonfly larvae, including their basic nutritional components, amino acids, mineral elements and fat-soluble vitamins. The results showed that the average water content of the juvenile species was 81.17%, the average contents of dry matter, protein, fat, sugar and ash were 65.62%, 9.80%, 3.01% and 5.47%, respectively. The main limiting amino acids were Met + Cys and Trp, which were close to the whole egg protein of 0.59-0.66. Among all essential mineral elements, especially Ca and Se, fat-soluble vitamins were determined to be 0.252 ~ 3.859 mg · kg ~ (-1) of a-tocopherol, with high protein, low fat and reasonable amino acid composition Rich in mineral elements, high nutritional value, with the prospect of development and utilization, but need to pay attention to some species detected in vivo excessive heavy metal elements.