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文章在概述西方美学史上探讨美的本质的几种途径和代表性的观点基础上,分析历代美学家所提出的各种关于美的本质的观点的利弊得失。以便为我们更好的认识美的本质,进行审美活动,获得美感做基础性的准备。一、美在形式说(一)美在和谐古希腊早期的毕达哥拉斯及其追随者是从数学入手进行哲学和美学思考的,他们把数提升到本体论的层面,认为事物最终由数构成,数的原则就是万物的原则,数给出一种永恒有序的局面和状态。他们认为美就是和谐。毕达哥拉斯学派坚信,音乐是数的生动展开,是数造成的最为典范的和谐形式。
On the basis of an overview of several approaches and representative perspectives of exploring the essence of beauty in the history of western aesthetics, the article analyzes the pros and cons of various views on the essence of beauty advanced by ancient aesthetics. So as to make a basic preparation for us to better understand the essence of beauty, conduct aesthetic activities, and acquire beauty. First, the United States in the form that (a) the United States in the early Pythagorean harmony and early Greek Pythagorean and his followers from the mathematical and philosophical and aesthetic start thinking, they raised the number to the ontological level, that things ultimately Number of composition, the number of principles is the principle of all things, the number gives an eternal order and status. They think beauty is harmony. The Pythagorean school strongly believes that music is a vivid progression of numbers and is the most exemplary form of harmony that has resulted from it.