目的　探讨大鼠岛状皮瓣缺血 再灌注损伤中性粒细胞数量的动态变化 ,阐明中性粒细胞黏附血管壁及组织浸润是这一变化的重要原因。方法　 36只大鼠等分为 3组。皮瓣原位缝合组 (Ⅰ组 ) ;实验组 (Ⅱ组 ) :再灌注时腹腔注射地塞米松 5mg/kg ;对照组 (Ⅲ组 ) :再灌注时腹腔注射生理盐水2ml/kg。 0、1、3、5、7d时分析皮瓣蒂部血液及皮瓣中性粒细胞变化规律 ,检测皮瓣蒂部及耳部中性粒细胞黏附功能变化。结果　蒂部血液中性粒细胞变化规律 :Ⅰ组比较恒定 ,Ⅱ、Ⅲ组缺血 8h时上升 ,再灌注1d时II组明显大于Ⅲ组 ,3d时Ⅱ组呈明显下降趋势 ,5d时恢复正常 ,Ⅲ组 5d后中性粒细胞呈现上升趋势。皮瓣中性粒细胞浸润数目 :1、3d时Ⅲ组明显大于Ⅱ、Ⅰ组 ;蒂部粒细胞黏附数量 :再灌注开始时Ⅲ、Ⅱ组 >Ⅰ组 ,1、3、5、7d时Ⅲ组 >Ⅱ、Ⅰ组。耳部中性粒细胞黏附数量与蒂部呈现相同的变化规律。结论　中性粒细胞黏附血管壁及组织浸润是岛状皮瓣缺血 再灌注损伤的重要原因 ,也是 3组间中性粒细胞呈现不同变化特点的重要原因。 Objective To investigate the dynamic changes of the number of neutrophils in the ischemic-reperfusion injury of island skin flap in rats, and to elucidate the important reason for the change of neutrophil adhesion to vascular wall and tissue infiltration. Methods 36 rats were equally divided into 3 groups. In the experimental group (group Ⅱ), dexamethasone 5 mg / kg was intraperitoneally injected at the time of reperfusion. In the control group (group Ⅲ), saline 2 ml / kg was intraperitoneally injected at the time of reperfusion. At 1, 3, 5 and 7 days, the changes of neutrophil in blood and flaps of pedicle flap were analyzed, and the changes of neutrophil adhesion function in flaps and ear were detected. Results The changes of blood neutrophils in the peduncles were as follows: in group Ⅰ, the level of ischemia in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ increased at 8h, and in group Ⅱ, the level of blood neutrophil in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅲ, and in group Ⅱ, In group Ⅲ, neutrophils showed an upward trend after 5 days. The number of neutrophil infiltration in flap was significantly higher in group Ⅲ than that in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ on day 1 and 3. The number of adherent granulocyte in pedicle was higher in group Ⅲ and group Ⅱ than in group Ⅰ at the beginning of reperfusion, Group> Ⅱ, Ⅰ group. Ear neutrophil adhesion number and pedicle showed the same changes. Conclusion Neutrophil adhesion to vascular wall and tissue infiltration is an important reason of ischemic reperfusion injury of island flaps. It is also an important reason that neutrophils present different changes among the three groups.