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人们希望光脉冲在传播过程中不发生畸变,那样就可以使长距离传输系统结构大大简化。这种理想的光脉冲称为光孤子(Soliton)。光孤子传输能不能实现是多年来许多研究人员一直在探索的问题。当光脉冲在耗散能量的介质中传播时,如果同时存在着两个极不相同但又正好互为补偿的现象,那么就能够实现无畸变传播。这两个现象就是介质的非线性特性(传播速度与幅度或强度有关)和色散特性(与频率相关的传播特性)。用二氧化硅玻璃制成的光纤能够满足这两个条件。对于很强的光,其折射指数(光在真空
People hope that the light pulse does not distort during the transmission, so that the structure of the long-distance transmission system can be greatly simplified. This ideal light pulse is called Soliton. The failure of optical soliton transmission is a problem that many researchers have been exploring for years. When a light pulse propagates through an energy-dissipating medium, it is possible to achieve distortion-free propagation if there are simultaneously two very different but exactly compensating phenomena. These two phenomena are the non-linear characteristics of the medium (propagation speed and amplitude or intensity related) and dispersion (frequency-dependent propagation characteristics). Optical fibers made of silica glass satisfy both of these conditions. For very strong light, its refractive index (light in vacuum