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一、西方国家刑法中的刑罚目的刑罚目的是西方国家刑罚理论中的一个重要问题,围绕刑罚目的问题西方学者中的不同学派分庭抗礼,见仁见智,提出了不少颇具价值的观点。(一)报应主义的刑罚目的刑罚的报应目的是指刑罚作为对犯罪的一种报复、回报而存在并付诸实施。报应主义的刑罚目的观认为,犯罪是一种恶害,刑罚的内容是痛苦和恶害,对犯罪科处刑罚是基于报应的原理,亦即以恶害报应恶害。报应刑论中的绝对报应刑论主张,报应刑理论是一种回溯性的惩罚理论,刑罚只是由于已然犯罪才被科处。刑罚只能是报应,除此之外,作为报应的刑罚本身不具有也不应当去追求其他任何目的。报应刑论的具体主张可进一步分为神意报
I. Purpose of Penalty in Criminal Law of Western Countries The purpose of criminal punishment is an important issue in the theory of penalty in western countries. Different schools of western scholars around the issue of criminal punishment have different opinions and opinions, offering quite a few valuable opinions. (A) the purpose of the referee’s punishment The retribution of the penalty refers to the penalty as a retaliation for the crime, the return exists and put into effect. The retributive doctrine of punitive purposes holds that crime is a kind of evil and the content of the penalty is painful and vicious. The penalty imposed on the criminal division is based on the principle of retribution, that is, retribution is brought against evil. The theory of retribution should abide by the principle of absolute retribution The theory of retribution should be a retrospective theory of punishment. Penalty can only be a retribution, in addition, the retribution as a penalty itself does not and should not pursue any other purpose. The specific claims of retribution can be further divided into divine intelligence