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目的分析围产儿出生缺陷与孕母一般情况及孕早期相关因素资料,了解影响出生缺陷发生的主要因素。方法根据《中国出生缺陷工作手册》中的23类出生缺陷的定义特征及诊断标准,统计分析2014年(3+1)年度宁夏国家级医院出生缺陷监测资料。结果 2014年国家级监测点共监测围产儿45 236例,出生缺陷525例,出生缺陷发生率110.86/万;出生缺陷前6位依次为先天性心脏病、多指、唇腭裂、外耳畸形、先天性脑积水及马蹄足内翻。出生缺陷发生率在城镇(134.13/万)高于农村(104.15/万)、孕母小于20岁(161.94/万)或>35岁(152.69/万)高于其他年龄组别,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。同时在525例出生缺陷中孕母初中以下文化程度(49.52%)、孕早期患病或服用药物(20.39)占一定得比例。结论实施出生缺陷三级预防策略是降低出生缺陷发生的重要措施。
Objective To analyze the prevalence of perinatal birth defects, the general status of pregnant women and related factors during the first trimester, and to understand the main factors affecting birth defects. Methods According to the definition and diagnosis criteria of 23 types of birth defects in “Handbook of Birth Defects in China”, the monitoring data of birth defects in Ningxia National Hospital in 2014 (3 + 1) were statistically analyzed. Results In 2014, 45 236 perinatal infants were monitored at the national monitoring sites, with 525 birth defects and 110.86 birth defects. The top 6 birth defects were congenital heart disease, multiple fingers, cleft lip and palate, external ear deformity, congenital Hydrocephalus and clubfoot varus. The incidence of birth defects was higher in rural areas (134.13 / 10,000) than in rural areas (104.15 / 10,000), pregnant women less than 20 years old (161.94 / 10 000) or> 35 years old (152.69 / 10 000) higher than other age groups Significance (P <0.01). At the same time, in 525 cases of birth defects, the educational attainment of junior middle school and junior high school (49.52%), the first trimester of illness or medication (20.39) accounted for a certain proportion. Conclusion The implementation of the tertiary prevention strategy of birth defects is an important measure to reduce the occurrence of birth defects.