1870年，V．Richter发现硝基苯与氰化钾在乙醇的水溶液中加热转变为苯甲酸[1]，该反应称为Richter反应。KcN当时，Kekule刚提出苯的环状结构式不久，关于本环上取代基的排列问题仍然是争论的焦点。然而Richter用对硝基澳苯的反应证明俊基不直接取代硝基所在的位置，而是进入其 1870, V. Richter found that nitrobenzene and potassium cyanide in ethanol aqueous solution heated to benzoic acid [1], the reaction is called Richter reaction. KcN At the time, Kekule just proposed the cyclic structure of benzene. Soon the issue of the arrangement of substituents on this ring remained the focus of controversy. However, Richter’s reaction with p-nitroaniline demonstrated that Junki did not directly displace the nitro group but instead entered it