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王莽寨林场位于嵩县西北,熊耳山的南坡,海拔990-1,760米,年平均降水量821毫米,年平均气温9.2℃,无霜期192天。该场从1972年开始在深山采伐迹地上进行了营造泡桐速生丰产林的试验,几年来成功地营造了泡桐2,270多亩,共98万多株,目前有的已郁闭成林,生长很好,为深山高寒地区大面积营造泡桐人工林提供了科学依据。一、适地适树规划造林地深山迹地从整体看,高寒风大,生长期短,土层薄,土壤为花岗岩母质上发育而成的棕色石砾土,不利于发展泡桐。但是深山区,深山众峰,峡谷河流形成了许多避风、气候温和、土层较厚而又肥沃的小地形环境,这又为发展泡桐创造了有利条件。我们根据深山区自然条件的这个特点和泡桐的生物学特性,提出了“泡桐坐底,落叶松缠腰,油松戴帽”的造林地规划原则。泡桐造林地的具体规划是:(1)采伐迹地的山坡下部;(2)林中空地和撩荒地;(3)沿沟河谷地;(4)四旁植树。通过具体规划使我们进一步看到,在深山区发展泡桐是有广阔前途的。
Wang Mangzhai Forest Farm is located in the northwest of Songxian, Xiong’ershan on the southern slope, elevation 990-1,760 meters, the average annual rainfall of 821 mm, the annual average temperature of 9.2 ℃, frost-free period of 192 days. Since 1972, the field has been experimenting with the fast-growing and high-yield forests of Paulownia on the deforestation sites. Over the past few years, 2,270 mu of paulownia have been successfully cultivated with over 980,000 trees. At present, some trees are closed and grow well , Providing a scientific basis for large areas to create paulownia plantation in the alpine area. First, the appropriate tree planting afforestation land tracks From the overall point of view, high winds, short growth period, thin soil, the soil is granite parent material developed on the brown stone gravel, is not conducive to the development of paulownia. However, the deep mountainous areas, the mountainous peaks and the canyon rivers formed many sheltered shelter, mild climate, thick and fertile small terrain environment, which in turn created favorable conditions for the development of paulownia. Based on this characteristic of natural conditions in deep mountainous areas and the biological characteristics of Paulownia, we proposed the principle of afforestation planning of “Paulownia sit-in, laxed loincloth and oil pine wearing a hat.” Paulownia afforestation of the specific plan are: (1) cutting slopes of the lower part of the slope; (2) forest vacant and retiring; (3) along the ditch valleys; Through concrete planning, we can further see that there is a bright future for the development of Paulownia in the deep mountainous areas.