现行高中地理教材第五章第二节“生态系统和生态平衡”中,有插图七幅,但笔者在教学过程中发现,有三幅插图欠妥,现说明如下,愿与同行商榷。 一、关于“温带森林中的食物网图”的商榷 在温带森林中的食物网中,消费者的级别并没有严格的界限,同一种动物,在不同的食物链中处于不同的消费者级别,这一点从课本插图(P187页“温带森林中的食物网图”)即可看出。以熊为例,在食物链“果实—鹿—熊”中,熊是次级消费者;在食物链“果实—熊”中,熊为初级消费者;在食物链“树皮—虫—蜘蛛—小鸟—熊”中,熊则是四级消费者;在食物链“花—蜂、蝶—小鸟—熊”中,熊才是三级消费者,而图中则只将熊归为三级消费者之列。显 There are seven illustrations in the second section of the current senior high school geography textbook entitled “Ecosystem and Ecological Balance”. However, in the course of the teaching, the author discovered that three illustrations are ill-conceived. The explanations are as follows. I would like to discuss with my peers. I. Discussion on “Food Network Map in Temperate Forests” In the food web in temperate forests, the level of consumers does not have strict boundaries. The same animal is at a different consumer level in different food chains. One can be seen from the textbook illustration (“Food web map in temperate forest” on page 187). Take the bear as an example. In the food chain “Fruit-Deer-Bear”, the bear is the sub-consumer; in the food chain “Fruit-Bear”, the bear is the primary consumer; in the food chain “Bark-Pest-Spider-Bird” In bears, bears are four-level consumers; in the food chain “flowers-bees, butterflies-birds-bears”, bear is the third-level consumer, and in the figure, bears are only classified as three-level consumers. Listed. Obvious