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青刀豆属豆科刀豆属栽培亚种,一年生缠绕性草本植物。嫩荚经炒食、淹渍、速冻后其味鲜美,极富营养价值,因而成为创汇农业的主导产品之一。但是,目前产量低、品质差,严重制约着它的发展。为解决上述问题,笔者进行了研究,结果表明:落花落荚是引起青刀豆产量低,品质差的主要原因。现将其防治方法报道如下: 一、花荚脱落原因 （-）营养因素:首先,青刀豆花芽分化较早,一般矮生型品种第一对复叶展开时就开始花芽分化。蔓生型品种展开两对复叶时即开始花芽分化。开花初期常因豆苗的徒长,营养生长与生殖生长间争夺养分而发生落花落荚。其次,有机肥欠缺,偏施氮肥,磷、钾肥不足使根系发生少,入土浅,叶片多而嫩,蔓长而细。开花结荚盛期,花荚之间争夺养分激烈,导致晚开的花脱落。第三,青刀豆开花结荚期间要求较强的光照,光饱和点4万- 5万Lx,光的补偿点为1500Lx。若栽植密度过大.支架不当,往往会造成枝叶相互遮挡,光照减弱,同化物质积累减少,花器官发育不良,盛花期,落花落荚更为严重。
Green concanavalina genus Bean genus, annual winding herb. After the tender pods fried, flooded stains, quick-frozen after its delicious, highly nutritious, and thus become one of the leading agricultural products. However, the current low output and poor quality severely restrict its development. In order to solve the above problems, the author conducted a study, the results show that: falling flowers pod is caused by green beans yield is low, the main reason for poor quality. Now the prevention and treatment methods are reported as follows: First, the reasons for the loss of flower pods (-) Nutritional factors: First of all, green beans flower bud differentiation earlier, the first pair of common dwarf varieties began to flower bud differentiation. Prickly heat expands when two pairs of compound leaves begin to flower bud differentiation. Usually due to the growth of bean sprouts in the early flowering, nutrient growth and reproductive growth between the fight for nutrients and falling falling pods. Second, the lack of organic fertilizer, partial nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium deficiency so that the root system less, shallow soil, more and tender leaves, grow long and thin. Flowering pod peak, flower pods compete for nutrients, leading to the late opening of the flower off. Third, green beans require strong light during podding, light saturation point 40,000 - 50,000 Lx, light compensation point 1500Lx. If the planting density is too large. Improper scaffolds often cause the branches and leaves to intercept each other, the light is weakened, the assimilation material is reduced, the floral organs are not well developed, and the flowering stage and the falling flowers are more serious.