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目的探讨河北省农村留守儿童与非留守儿童乙肝疫苗接种差异,并分析父母外出及外出类型对农村儿童乙肝疫苗接种影响。方法采用多阶段与概率比例规模抽样结合方法,抽取保定和石家庄市4个县12个村1 106名≤15岁儿童,对其父母外出、乙肝疫苗接种及影响因素进行问卷调查。结果非留守儿童乙肝疫苗首针及时接种和全程接种情况优于留守儿童;出生队列分析中,非留守儿童接种率高于留守儿童,但差异从1998年出生队列当年28.7%缩小到2012年17.5%;多因素非条件logistic回归分析表明,父母外出、母亲外出和父亲外出是儿童乙肝疫苗接种的危险因素,医疗机构出生和较好的家庭经济状况是保护因素。结论非留守儿童乙肝疫苗接种情况优于留守儿童,但差距不断缩小;父母外出及外出类型对农村儿童乙肝疫苗接种有影响。
Objective To explore the differences of Hepatitis B vaccination between left-behind children and non-left-behind children in rural areas in Hebei Province and analyze the influence of the type of parents going out and going out on rural children’s hepatitis B vaccination. Methods A total of 1 106 children aged ≤15 years of age from 12 villages in 4 counties in Baoding and Shijiazhuang were enrolled in this study. The out-going parents, hepatitis B vaccination and influencing factors were investigated. Results The first needle of non-left-behind children with hepatitis B vaccine was better than left-behind children for the first vaccination and the whole course of vaccination. In the cohort analysis, the vaccination rate of non-left-behind children was higher than that of left-behind children, but the difference narrowed from 28.7% of birth cohort in 1998 to 17.5% . Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that parents’ going out, mother’s going out and father’s going out were the risk factors of hepatitis B vaccination in children. The birth of medical institutions and better family economic status were protective factors. Conclusion Hepatitis B vaccination in non-left-behind children is superior to that of left-behind children, but the gap is gradually narrowing. The types of out-going and out-going parents have an impact on hepatitis B vaccination in rural children.