这些年来,无论国内或国外,随着人们的不断实践,对岩体破坏变形的研究,逐步摆脱仅着眼于岩石的片面观点,而着眼于岩体,尤其是其中的节理裂隙。但不论是传统的工程地质学,还是后起的岩石力学,把节理裂隙仅作为影响因素去研究。而大量工程实践表明:在工程作用下,岩体的变形破坏主要受内在界面及块体的控制,而且随着界面性状的不同,岩体变形破坏的方式与程度就不同。由此给人们一个启示:包含断层、节理的岩体是一个有机的整体。各类界面和岩块是岩体的二个基本单元。为此,将断层、节理、层面等切割面和分界面称之为结构面,被结构面所分割的岩块称之为结构体。结构面与结构体的发育程度与不同排列组合而成各种类型的岩体结构。这样的岩体才是真正的研究对象。 In recent years, with the continuous practice of people both at home and abroad, the research on the deformation and failure of rock mass gradually gets rid of the one-sided viewpoint that focuses on the rock and focuses on the rock mass, especially the joint fissures therein. However, whether it is traditional engineering geology or later rock mechanics, the joint fissure is only studied as an influencing factor. However, a large number of engineering practice shows that under the action of engineering, the deformation and failure of rock mass are mainly controlled by inner interface and block, and with the different interface properties, the deformation and destruction of rock mass are different. This gives people a revelation: contains the fault, jointed rock mass is an organic whole. Various types of interfaces and rock blocks are two basic units of rock mass. To this end, the fault, joints, level and other cutting surface and the interface is called the structural plane, the structural plane is divided into rock blocks called the structure. The structural plane and the structure of the degree of development and arrangement of different combinations of various types of rock mass structure. Such rock mass is the real research object.