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目的观察蒿甲醚对小鼠体内埃及血吸虫成虫超微结构的损害。方法8只小鼠于感染埃及血吸虫尾蚴后81d用单剂蒿甲醚400mg/kg口服治疗。治后24h、3d、7d和14d各剖杀2只小鼠,用灌注法收集血吸虫,并按常规方法固定和处置虫体,作透射电镜观察。从另2只未治疗的感染小鼠体内取虫作对照。结果蒿甲醚对血吸虫皮层超微结构的损害主要是皮层基质的肿胀、溶解和空泡变化,基底膜消失和部份受损皮层破裂;在感觉器和皮层结节中,常见其内部结构广泛溶解。在肌层、实质组织、合体细胞和肠管上皮细胞中,查见局灶性或广泛的溶解、粗面内质网减少及线粒体空泡变化和变性。雌虫卵黄细胞的严重变化是空泡变化、粗面内质网减少、卵黄球融合以及受损卵黄细胞破溃等。上述雌、雄虫变化于感染小鼠用蒿甲醚治疗后24h即可见到,并逐渐加重,3～7d后最重。治后14d,部分雌、雄虫仍示有超微结构的损害,但同时亦观察到受损虫组织的恢复。结论蒿甲醚对埃及血吸虫成虫的皮层和皮层下组织具有广泛和严重的超微结构损害。
Objective To observe the damage of artemether on the ultrastructure of adult schistosomiasis in mice. Methods Eight mice were orally treated with a single dose of Artemether 400 mg / kg on day 81 after infection with S. cercariae. Two mice were sacrificed 24h, 3d, 7d and 14d after treatment. Schistosoma japonicum was collected by perfusion method. The parasites were fixed and treated by conventional methods and observed by transmission electron microscopy. Two other untreated infected mice were used as controls. Results The damage of ultrastructure of the schistosome cortex was mainly caused by the swelling, dissolution and vacuolization of the cortical matrix, the disappearance of the basement membrane and the partial destruction of the cortex. In the sensory organs and cortical nodules, the internal structure was common Dissolved. In the muscular, parenchymal, syncytial, and intestinal epithelial cells, focal or extensive lysis, reduction of rough endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondrial vacuolar changes and degeneration were noted. Serious changes in female yolk cells are changes in vacuoles, rough endoplasmic reticulum reduction, yolk ball fusion and damaged yolk cells and so on. The above changes in female and male infected mice treated with artemether 24h can be seen, and gradually increased, 3 ~ 7d after the heaviest. On the 14th day after treatment, some of the females and males still showed ultrastructural damage, but at the same time, the recovery of damaged insect tissues was also observed. Conclusions Artemether has extensive and severe ultrastructural damage to the cortex and subcortical tissues of adult S. echinulata.