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目的分析厦门地区流感嗜血菌和卡他布兰汉菌的临床特征及其耐药性,为临床治疗提供依据。方法对2008年1月-2012年12月分离580株流感嗜血菌和185株卡他布兰汉菌进行分析,细菌鉴定采用VITEK-2Compact全自动分析系统,药敏检测采用ATBTM HAEMO药敏条,β-内酰胺酶检测采用Cefinase纸片,数据采用WHONET 5.6软件进行分析。结果流感嗜血菌与卡他布兰汉菌主要来自儿科住院患儿,以≤4岁儿童为主,流感嗜血菌和卡他布兰汉菌的高发季节分别为春季和冬季;流感嗜血菌产β-内酰胺酶率为47.1%、流感嗜血菌对氨苄西林耐药率高达52.1%,对头孢克洛、磺胺甲噁唑/甲氧苄啶、四环素耐药率≥15.0%;流感嗜血菌的产β-内酰胺酶菌株和非产β-内酰胺酶菌株均对环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星、头孢噻肟、阿莫西林/克拉维酸的敏感率≥80.0%;卡他布兰汉菌产β-内酰胺酶率为52.9%,对氨苄西林耐药率为10.8%,其对阿莫西林/克拉维酸、氯霉素、头孢呋辛、头孢噻肟、利福平、头孢克洛、左氧氟沙星、四环素、磺胺甲噁唑/甲氧苄啶的耐药率均≤5.0%。结论流感嗜血菌和卡他布兰汉菌主要来自儿科患儿,检出率受季节变化影响;其对氨苄西林的耐药率较高;流感嗜血菌有较高的β-内酰胺酶检出率,但对临床常用药物阿莫西林/克拉维酸、四环素的敏感性较高。
Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and drug resistance of Haemophilus influenzae and Bacillus baka in Xiamen, and provide the basis for clinical treatment. Methods 580 strains of Haemophilus influenzae and 185 strains of B. catarrhalis were isolated from January 2008 to December 2012. The bacteria were identified by VITEK-2 Compact automatic analysis system. The antimicrobial susceptibility was detected by ATBTM HAEMO drug-sensitive strip , β-lactamase detection using Cefinase paper, the data using WHONET 5.6 software for analysis. Results Haemophilus influenzae and Catarrhal catarrhal were mainly from pediatric inpatients, mainly children ≤4 years of age. The high-incidence seasons of Haemophilus influenzae and Bacillus catarrhalis were spring and winter, The rate of producing β-lactamase was 47.1%, the rate of resistance to ampicillin was 52.1%, the rate of resistance to cefaclor, sulfamethoxazole / trimethoprim and tetracycline was ≥15.0% Hemophilus producing β-lactamase strains and non-producing β-lactamase strains were ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, cefotaxime, amoxicillin / clavulanic acid sensitivity rate ≥ 80.0%; catarbu The β-lactamase production rate of Nephew was 52.9% and that of ampicillin was 10.8%. The resistance to amoxicillin / clavulanic acid, chloramphenicol, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, rifampicin, Cefaclor, levofloxacin, tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole / trimethoprim resistance rates were ≤ 5.0%. Conclusion Hemophilus influenzae and Branhamella catarrhalis mainly come from pediatric patients, and the detection rate is affected by the seasonal variation. The rate of resistance to ampicillin is higher. The hemophilus influenzae has higher β-lactamase Detection rate, but the commonly used clinical drug amoxicillin / clavulanic acid, tetracycline sensitivity higher.