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目的了解某蓄电池生产企业技术改造前后作业场所空气中铅浓度和铅作业工人血铅水平变化。方法石墨炉原子吸收法检测血铅水平和空气中铅浓度,用Wilcoxon秩检验统计分析血铅水平。结果技术改造后空气中铅尘浓度[(0.049±0.043)mg/m3)]与技术改造前[(0.232±0.118)mg/m3]比较,差异有统计学意义(t=-3.487,P<0.05);技术改造后空气中铅烟浓度[(0.021±0.014)mg/m3]与技术改造前[(0.162±0.060)mg/m3]比较,差异有统计学意义(t=-5.767,P<0.05);技术改造前后铅作业人员血铅值均呈右偏态分布,技术改造前后血铅中位数分别为1.314和0.725 mmol/L,技术改造后铅作业人员的血铅水平低于技术改造前,差异有统计学意义(Z=-11.66,P<0.01)。结论该厂技术改造可有效降低作业场所空气中铅浓度和铅作业人员血铅水平。
Objective To understand the concentration of lead in the workplace air and the level of lead in lead workers before and after technological transformation of a battery manufacturer. Methods Blood lead levels and air lead concentrations were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Blood lead levels were analyzed by Wilcoxon test. Results The lead dust concentration in the air after the technological transformation was significantly lower than that before the technical transformation ([(0.049 ± 0.043) mg / m3] [(0.232 ± 0.118) mg / m3] ), The difference of the concentration of lead in the air after technical innovation [(0.021 ± 0.014) mg / m3] was statistically significant compared with that before the technical transformation [(0.162 ± 0.060) mg / m3] ). Before and after technical transformation, the blood lead values of lead workers showed a right-skewed distribution. Before and after technological transformation, the median blood lead levels were 1.314 and 0.725 mmol / L, respectively. The lead levels of lead workers after technological transformation were lower than those before the technological transformation , The difference was statistically significant (Z = -11.66, P <0.01). Conclusion The technical transformation of the plant can effectively reduce the lead concentration in the workplace air lead and lead levels of lead workers.