目的:比较不同出生体重婴幼儿的生长特点,并分析影响极低出生体重婴幼儿发生宫外生长迟缓的危险因素。方法:回顾性调查2012年至2015年我院婴幼儿的临床资料,并按出生体重分成极低出生体重组和对照组,比较不同组别婴幼儿的差异性并采用logistics回归分析极低出生体重婴幼儿发生宫外生长迟缓的危险因素。结果:本次研究共收集婴幼儿200例,其中极低出生体重组118例,对照组82例,两组婴幼儿在胎龄、是否存在FGR或EUGR、首次接受肠内营养的时间、住院天数和出院时体重增长量上存在统计学差异,表现为极低出生体重组的婴幼儿的胎龄要小于对照组婴幼儿,且住院天数、首次接受肠内营养的时间和出院时体重增长量都要明显高于对照组婴幼儿,但对照组发生宫外生长迟缓和宫内生长受限的比例却明显低于极低出生体重组(P<0.05)。针对极低出生体重婴幼儿的logistics回归分析显示,极低出生体重婴幼儿出生时伴有宫内生长受限或胎龄越小,则越有可能发生宫外生长迟缓(P<0.05)。结论:极低出生体重的婴幼儿发生宫外生长迟缓的比例要明显高于低出生体重婴幼儿,其中婴幼儿本身的宫内生长受限和胎龄是影响极低出生体重婴幼儿发生宫外生长迟缓的最主要危险因素。 OBJECTIVE: To compare the growth characteristics of infants with different birth weights and to analyze the risk factors of extrauterine growth retardation in infants with very low birth weight. Methods: The clinical data of infants and toddlers in our hospital from 2012 to 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the birth weight, the patients were divided into very low birth weight group and control group. The differences among different groups of infants and toddlers were compared and the logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the data of very low birth weight Risk factors for ectopic growth retardation in infants and young children. Results: A total of 200 infants and young children were collected in this study, including 118 cases of very low birth weight group and 82 cases of control group. The gestational age, the presence of FGR or EUGR, the time of first enteral nutrition, the length of hospital stay There was a statistically significant difference in weight gain when discharged from hospital. The gestational age of infants and young children with very low birth weight was less than that of infants and young children in the control group, and the length of hospital stay, the time of first enteral nutrition and the weight gain at discharge Was significantly higher than the control group of infants and young children, but the control group occurred ectopic growth retardation and intrauterine growth restriction ratio was significantly lower than the very low birth weight group (P lt; 0.05). Logistical regression analysis of very low birth weight infants showed that extrauterine growth retardation was more likely to occur with very low birth weight infants born with intrauterine growth restriction or gestational age at birth (P <0.05). Conclusion: The rate of extrauterine growth retardation in infants with very low birth weight is significantly higher than those in infants with low birth weight. Infants’ own intrauterine growth restriction and gestational age are extremely low. Birth weight Infant ectopic pregnancy The most important risk factors for slow growth.