一、对遗老身份的界定清朝灭亡,进入民国。“易代”所带来的国事、身世的巨变,使一大批前清士大夫心理上承受不足,但客观形势却已迫使他们从前朝的臣民转变为新朝的遗民。在“易代”之际面临抉择和考验,“冥想万端,有乐者,有至苦者,行将揭幕以验之矣”①。从各自不同的角度、立 First, the definition of the old identity of the Qing Dynasty perish, enter the Republic of China. The great changes in state affairs and life experiences brought about by the “Easy Generation” have brought a large number of doctors in the Qing Dynasty psychologically inadequate, but the objective situation has forced them to transform themselves from the subjects of the former dynasty to the descendants of the new dynasty. In the “generation” on the occasion facing the choice and test, “meditation million, musicians, there are those who suffer, will be unveiled in order to test the carry on” ①. From their different perspectives