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自从Berwald等用芳烃类化合物体外使正常组织细胞产生恶变以来,癌变原理的研究迅速发展。关于细胞培养中化学致癌作用的研究已有另述,本文简要介绍细胞培养中癌变原理研究的国内外动向。 (一)新的实验系统的建立 由于我们要解决人类的肿瘤,而后者80％以上源于上皮细胞的癌瘤,亟需建立一个人的上皮细胞实验转化系统。60年代初期有人用DNA肿瘤病毒诱发培养的人体细胞恶性转化,但尚未证明该病毒与人类肿瘤的直接关系。Kakunaga于1977年首次用甲基硝基亚硝基胍(MNNG)和4-硝基喹啉-1-氧化物(4NQO)诱发正常妇女唇皮肤组织的二倍体成纤维细胞株获得恶性转化,
Since Berwald et al. used normal aromatic cells to generate malignant cells in vitro, the research on the principle of canceration has developed rapidly. The research on chemical carcinogenesis in cell culture has been described separately. This article briefly introduces the domestic and international trends in the research of canceration in cell culture. (a) The establishment of a new experimental system Since we have to solve human tumors, and the latter more than 80% are derived from epithelial cell carcinoma, it is imperative to establish a human experimental system for epithelial cell transformation. In the early 1960s, a human cancer cell was induced to undergo malignant transformation by a DNA tumor virus, but the direct relationship between the virus and human tumors has not yet been demonstrated. In 1977, Kakunaga first induced malignant transformation of diploid fibroblast cell lines in the lips skin tissue of normal women with methylnitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO).