目的:为了更好的保护利用黄芪资源,本研究试图开发出准确可靠、快速稳定的分子标记用于黄芪药材的研究及鉴定。方法:本研究以15份黄芪的基因组DNA为模板,进行随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)扩增,筛选差异条带并回收、克隆和测序,根据差异条带的测序结果设计特异性SCAR引物。结果:成功获得了5个SCAR标记,SCAR引物在黄芪样品中的扩增结果表明,相对于RAPD标记,其多态信息含量降低,但标记的稳定性、特异性增高。结论:因此认为可以通过RAPD转化为SCAR标记的方法,大量开发这一特异性分子标记,为黄芪资源的遗传多样性研究、鉴定技术以及遗传图谱的构建奠定物质基础。 Objective: In order to better protect and utilize Astragalus resources, this study attempts to develop accurate and reliable, rapid and stable molecular markers for the research and identification of Radix Astragali. Methods: In this study, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) amplification was performed using 15 genomic DNAs of Astragalus membranaceus as templates, different bands were screened and recovered, cloned and sequenced. Specific SCAR primers were designed according to the sequencing results of different bands . Results: Five SCAR markers were successfully obtained. The amplification results of SCAR primers in Radix Astragali showed that the polymorphism information content of RAPD markers decreased but the stability and specificity of the marker increased. CONCLUSION: It is considered that this specific molecular marker can be developed in large quantities by means of RAPD transformation into SCAR marker, which lays a material foundation for genetic diversity research, identification technology and genetic map construction of Astragalus resources.