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本文调查了接触铅烟平均浓度为0.578mg/m~3的蓄电池厂工人53名,0.0015mg/m~3的小焊锡工52名以及0.0006mg/m~3的对照组绣花工50名。从临床症状与生化指标来看,蓄电池厂工人已受到了一定程度的铅危害,小焊锡工与对照组工人相比未见异常,可见铅的毒性危害呈明显的剂量-反应关系。铅的毒性早期症状为中枢神经系统功能紊乱、消化不良和四肢肌肉关节酸痛等。本文见乏力、腹部隐痛和关节酸痛的发生数与PbB、PbU及ZPP的浓度成正比,其症状阈浓度分别为30μg/dl、0.045mg/l及40μg/dl。铅接触的指标可以采用PbB、PbU、ALAD、FEP及ZPP,但作为预防性监护的过筛指标以ZPP为宜。铅接触组的正中神经运动及感觉传导速度均较对照组为慢(P<0.05)。在铅接触组工人中,传导速度的减慢与铅接触程度未见明显关系。
In this paper, 53 battery factory workers, 52 small solders of 0.0015mg / m ~ 3, and 50 embroidery workers of the control group of 0.0006mg / m ~ 3 were exposed to the average exposure concentration of 0.578mg / m3. From the clinical symptoms and biochemical indicators, battery factory workers have been subject to a certain degree of lead hazards, small solders and workers in the control group were no abnormalities, showing the toxicity of lead showed a significant dose-response relationship. Lead toxicity early symptoms of central nervous system dysfunction, indigestion and limb muscle and joint pain. This article see fatigue, abdominal pain and joint pain occurs with the number of PbB, PbU and ZPP concentration is proportional to the threshold concentration of 30μg / dl, 0.045mg / l and 40μg / dl. PbB, PbU, ALAD, FEP and ZPP may be used as indicators of lead exposure, but ZPP is preferred as a screening indicator for preventative monitoring. The median nerve movement and sensory conduction velocity in lead exposure group were slower than those in control group (P <0.05). In the lead exposure group of workers, there was no obvious relationship between the slowdown of conduction velocity and the extent of lead exposure.