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目的了解广东省X射线摄影受检者体表入射剂量(ESD)水平。方法采用热释光剂量计(TLD)法进行分层随机抽样调查,随机抽取广东省共24家一、二和三级医院普通X射线摄影机和数字式X射线诊断(DR)机对1 165名受检者8个体位的ESD进行调查,并将其与GB 18871—2002《电离辐射防护与辐射源安全基本标准》(以下简称“GB 18871—2002”)推荐的指导水平进行比较分析。结果广东省普通X射线摄影机受检者胸部正、侧位,胸椎正、侧位,腹部正位,骨盆正位和腰椎正、侧位的ESD中位数(M)水平为0.40~7.23 m Gy,DR机摄影受检者上述各部位ESD的M为0.14~5.87 m Gy。上述各部位的第75百分位数(P75)剂量水平在普通X射线摄影机受检者为0.83~22.35 m Gy,在DR机摄影受检者为0.26~9.75 m Gy;其中普通X射线摄影机摄影受检者的胸部正、侧位和胸椎正、侧位P75剂量水平均超过GB 18871—2002推荐的指导水平。除胸椎正、侧位因数据缺失无法比较外,本次调查受检者其余6个部位的ESD水平分别低于“九五”期间调查的各相应部位(P<0.01)。结论本次调查广东省X射线摄影受检者ESD水平低于“九五”期间的剂量水平,DR机对受检者受照剂量的控制优于普通X射线摄影机。
Objective To understand the body surface dose (ESD) level of X-ray photography in Guangdong Province. Methods A total of 24 primary, secondary and tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province were randomly selected by stratified random sampling with the method of TLD. The ESD of 8 subjects in the subject was investigated and compared with the guidance level recommended by GB 18871-2002 “Basic Standard for Safety of Ionizing Radiation Protection and Radiation Sources” (hereinafter referred to as “GB 18871-2002”). Results The average (M) level of ESD at chest anteroposterior, lateral, thoracic, lateral, anteroposterior, pelvis and anterior and posterior of lumbar was 0.40 ~ 7.23 m Gy in general X-ray camera in Guangdong Province. , And the DR of each subject in the DR machine photography was 0.14 to 5.87 m Gy. The 75th percentile (P75) dose level for each of the above sites was 0.83 to 22.35 m Gy for subjects with conventional X-ray radiography and 0.26 to 9.75 m Gy for subjects with DR imaging; in which conventional X-ray radiography Subjects chest positive, lateral and thoracic positive and lateral P75 dose levels exceed the recommended level of GB 18871-2002 guidance. Except for the positive and negative side of the thoracic vertebra, the data of the left flank were not comparable. The ESD levels of the remaining six sites in this survey were lower than those of the corresponding sites surveyed in the September 5 (P <0.01). Conclusion In this investigation, the level of ESD in X-ray photography subjects in Guangdong Province was lower than that in 1995, and the DR machine was superior to the ordinary X-ray camera in the dose control of the subjects.