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[目的]探讨二氧化钛粉尘对作业工人呼吸系统和血压的影响。[方法]选择某硫酸法钛白粉生产企业接触二氧化钛粉尘的在岗作业工人114名为接触组,该厂不接触任何有毒有害因素的后勤岗位162名作业工人为对照组,对其肺通气功能、鼻咽部疾病及血压进行对比分析。[结果]接触组个体接触环境中二氧化钛粉尘的浓度为(1.494±1.005)mg/m~3(0.424~6.375 mg/m~3),符合国家职业卫生标准。接触组限制性肺通气功能障碍检出率为9.6%,混合性肺通气功能障碍检出率为10.5%,高血压检出率28.1%,慢性鼻炎的检出率为50.9%,均高于对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。接触组不同エ龄段高血压检出率的増加与接触二氧化钛粉尘无直接关联(P>0.05)。接触组慢性咽炎的检出率为82.5%,与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]长期低浓度接触二氧化钛粉尘,可导致以限制性通气功能障碍、混合性肺功能障碍为主的肺通气功能损害,且与血压改变、慢性鼻炎的发生存在一定关联。企业应积极做好防尘措施。
[Objective] To investigate the effect of titanium dioxide dust on respiratory system and blood pressure of workers. [Method] One hundred and seventy on-the-job workers exposed to titanium dioxide dust in a sulfuric acid process titanium dioxide production enterprise were selected as the contact group. 162 working workers in the logistics post without any toxic or harmful factors were selected as the control group. Their lung ventilation function, Pharyngeal diseases and blood pressure were compared. [Results] The concentration of titanium dioxide dust in contact environment was (1.494 ± 1.005) mg / m ~ 3 (0.424 ~ 6.375 mg / m ~ 3) in contact environment, which met the national occupational health standards. The detection rate of restrictive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in the exposure group was 9.6%, the detection rate of mixed pulmonary ventilation dysfunction was 10.5%, the detection rate of hypertension was 28.1%, and the detection rate of chronic rhinitis was 50.9% The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). There was no direct correlation between the increase of the detection rate of hypertension and exposure to titanium dioxide dust in different age groups in the exposure group (P> 0.05). The detection rate of chronic pharyngitis in the exposure group was 82.5%, which showed no significant difference compared with the control group (P> 0.05). [Conclusion] Long-term low-level exposure to titanium dioxide dust can lead to impaired pulmonary ventilation with restrictive ventilatory dysfunction and mixed pulmonary dysfunction. It is also associated with the change of blood pressure and the occurrence of chronic rhinitis. Enterprises should actively take measures to prevent dust.