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近年来,我们对改进珠算教学问题,做了一些调查、试验和研究,觉得要提高珠算教学质量,必须根据珠算的特点,改进教法。一、重视口诀教学,讲清基本概念。在珠算教学中,使学生掌握珠算口诀,能够运用口诀拨珠计算,是教好珠算的关键之一。口诀的教学,应当结合学生已有的笔算知识讲清每一句口诀的来源;理解每句口诀中各个组成部分及每个字词的意义;明确每一句口诀的应用范围并练熟拨珠方法。例如加法中“下五去几”的四句口诀(一下五去四,二下五去三,三下五去二,四下五去一),由于相加的两数都小于5,
In recent years, we have done some surveys, experiments and studies on improving abacus teaching. We think that to improve the abacus teaching quality, we must improve the teaching of abacus according to the characteristics of abacus. First, pay attention to formulas teaching, clarify the basic concepts. In abacus teaching, enabling students to master abacus formulas, the ability to use formulas to dial the beads, is one of the keys to teaching abacus. The teaching of formulas should be combined with the students' prior written knowledge to clarify the source of each formula; to understand each component of each formula and the meaning of each word; to clarify the scope of application of each formula and practicing the method of dial. For example, the addition of “next five to a few” four formulas (about five to four, two under five to three, three under five to two, four under five to one), because the sum of the two are less than 5,