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本文论证了反正切三角函数形式的效用函数在性质上符合需求价格弹性随着消费递减的规律和需求价格弹性存在小于1的情况,以及恩格尔定律。本文在特定的土地所有权结构和反正切效用函数的基础上构建的劳动力剩余经济模型说明:导致发展中国家劳动力剩余的原因除了相对于自然资源禀赋来说过多的劳动力、过少的工业消费品品种生产能力和现有工业消费品生产技术水平过低之外,还包括现有工业消费品生产技术水平过高这一因素;而且,需求因素在解释农业生产技术水平提高有利于减少剩余劳动力的问题上居于重要的地位。
This paper demonstrates that the utility function of the arctangent trigonometric function is qualitatively consistent with the fact that the price elasticity of demand follows the law of diminishing consumption and the price elasticity of demand is less than 1, as well as the Engel’s law. The model of labor surplus economy constructed on the basis of specific structure of land ownership and the function of the anti-tangent function shows that the causes of labor surplus in developing countries are: Excessive labor force relative to natural resource endowment, too few varieties of industrial consumer goods Production capacity and the existing low level of production technology for industrial consumer goods, as well as the fact that the current level of technological production of industrial consumer goods is too high; and that demand factors reside in explaining the issue of raising the technological level of agricultural production in favor of reducing the surplus labor force Important position.