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为了提高一串红品种资源的利用效率,从20个数量性状和5个质量性状方面对我国主栽的20份一串红种质资源的表型遗传多样性进行了研究。结果表明一串红表型多样性丰富,品种间表型性状变异程度较高。外引与中国两个类群间表型变异程度及丰富性都比较相似。25个表型性状的Shannon-Weaver多样性指数变化于0.23~1.97之间,数量性状中以主茎直径、花冠直径、叶柄长、始花时间和花间长的多样性指数较高,质量性状中则以叶面泡状突起程度及叶柄显色强度多样性指数较高。主成分分析筛选出对总体方差累计贡献率达83.96%的前5个主成分,可反映一串红资源的总体形态表现。20份资源间平均遗传距离约为7.0,在欧氏距离约为8.5时,参试的20份资源可分为高生种和矮生种两大类,前者仅包含1个品种(篝火),而后者包含19个品种,且在欧氏距离约为7.2处又可进一步分为4个亚类。
In order to improve the utilization efficiency of a bunch of red germplasm resources, the phenotypic genetic diversity of 20 germplasm resources in China was studied from 20 quantitative traits and 5 quality traits. The results showed that a bunch of red phenotypes rich in diversity, the higher the degree of variation between phenotypic traits. Foreign lead and Chinese two groups of phenotypic variation degree and richness are more similar. The Shannon-Weaver diversity index of 25 phenotypic traits varied from 0.23 to 1.97. The quantitative traits showed high diversity index of main stem diameter, corolla diameter, petiole length, initial flowering time and flower length, and the quality traits In the leaf surface bubble-shaped projections and petiole color intensity diversity index higher. The principal component analysis screened the first five principal components which accounted for 83.96% of the total variance, which could reflect the overall morphological performance of a bunch of red resources. The average genetic distance among the 20 resources is about 7.0. When the Euclidean distance is about 8.5, the 20 resources tested can be divided into two major categories, ie, high-yielding and low-yielding. The former contains only one variety (bonfire) It contains 19 varieties and is further divided into 4 subclasses at a Euclidean distance of about 7.2.