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目的了解大学新生心理健康状况,探讨灾难经历对心理健康状况的影响,为新生适应、心理健康教育提供依据。方法采用整群抽样,选取某大学2010级全体新生4740名,以症状自评量表(SCL-90)进行测量。结果新生心理问题检出率为7.3%,新生SCL-90得分与全国常模比较具有统计学意义(t=18.359,P<0.01),经历灾难与未经历灾难新生心理健康差异具有统计学意义(t=5.301,P<0.01),两因素方差分析结果表明,亲人受伤状况主效应显著(F=3.436,P<0.05),财物主效应不显著(F=1.646,P>0.05),交互效应也不显著(F=1.839,P>0.05)。结论新生心理健康水平低于全国常模,灾难经历对心理健康有显著影响,其中亲人受伤情况是影响经历灾难新生心理健康的重要因素。
Objective To understand the mental health status of college freshmen and to explore the impact of disaster experience on mental health status and to provide basis for freshmen’s adaptation and mental health education. Methods A total of 4740 freshmen at a college level were selected by cluster sampling and measured by SCL-90. Results The detection rate of neonatal psychological problems was 7.3%. The score of freshmen SCL-90 was statistically significant compared with that of national norm (t = 18.359, P <0.01). The difference of mental health between freshmen and unborn students was statistically significant t = 5.301, P <0.01). The results of two-way ANOVA showed that the main effect of relatives injury was significant (F = 3.436, P <0.05) Not significant (F = 1.839, P> 0.05). Conclusion The freshmen’s mental health level is lower than that of the national norms. Disaster experience has a significant impact on mental health. The injury of relatives is an important factor that influences the mental health of freshmen.